|
|
Advantages |
Disadvantage |
|
Sole trader
|
Makes most decisions alone, Great financial freedom |
Personal liability |
|
|
No deposit obligations |
Unlimited liability |
|
|
No restrictions on distributing profits |
The company's finances are bound up with personal finance |
|
|
Tax deductions for deficiency |
Tax on the company's profits |
|
|
Easy and inexpensive to establish |
|
|
|
Easy to change to another company type |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ANS |
No deposit obligations |
Personal liability |
|
|
No restrictions on distributing profits |
Unlimited liability |
|
|
Tax deductions for deficiency |
Tax on the company's profits and on dividends |
|
|
Important who the other partners are (and their finances) |
|
|
|
Easily changed to an AS |
|
|
|
Inexpensive to establish |
|
|
DA |
Limited liability |
Personal liability |
|
|
Otherwise the same as ANS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
KS |
Combination of roles like the partners in an ANS (general partner) and partners in an AS (limited partner) |
Must be registered, formalised |
|
|
General partners may be an AS |
General partner: unlimited and personal liability |
|
|
Limited partner: limited liability |
Limited partner: deposit obligation of at least NOK 20,000 |
|
|
Tax deductions for deficiency |
Tax on the company's profits and on dividends |
|
|
|
|
|
AS |
Limited liability |
Deposit obligation of at least NOK 100,000. |
|
|
No personal liability for the company's debt |
Limited access to distribute profits |
|
|
Does not depend on who the other shareholders are |
Must be registered, formalised |
|
|
Easy to combine with other AS companies (mergers) |
Not so easy to change to another type of company |
|
|
Can be used as a partner in an ANS (shareholders do not have personal liability beyond the share capital) |
The company is taxed on profits + shareholders are taxed on dividends |
|
|
|
Shareholders are not exempt from tax in the event of deficiency |
|
|
|
|
|
ASA |
Limited liability |
Deposit obligation of at least NOK 1 million |
|
|
No personal liability for the company's debts |
Limited access to distribute profits |
|
|
Can put the company on the stock exchange and obtain capital from the public |
Must be registered, formalised |
|
|
|
The company is taxed on profits + shareholders are taxed on dividends |
|
|
|
The shareholders are not exempt from tax in the event of deficiency |
|
|
|
|
|
Cooperative |
No deposit obligation |
Profits are not distributed (profits are distributed through discounts on trade with the company) |
|
|
Limited liability |
|
|
|
No personal liability |
|
|
|
|
|
|
NUF |
Limited liability |
Must conduct oneself with two national sets of legislation. |
|
|
Deposit liability of the country in which the headquarters are based |
Must follow up obligations (reporting and formalities) set by foreign authorities |
|
|
No auditing obligation if turnover is below NOK 5 million |
|
|
|
Easy to establish |
|
|
|
|
|
|
SE company |
Easier for the company to expand in several EEA countries |
Deposit obligation of at least EUR 120,000 |
|
|
Easy to move the headquarters to another EEA country |
Obliged to register in the country where the headquarters is based |
